Numerical Simulation of the Combined Effects of Low Salinity Water and Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer Flooding
Eric Broni-Bediako,
Eric Thompson Brantson,
Kwabena Antwi Asante
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
46-58
Received:
17 July 2021
Accepted:
26 July 2021
Published:
2 August 2021
Abstract: Low Salinity Water (LSW) and Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) flooding are emerging enhanced oil recovery methods that help recover oil from the reservoir after primary and secondary recovery processes. Experimental studies on LSW and ASP flooding have indicated potential in additional oil recovery. In this paper, numerical simulation was performed to study the combined effects of LSW and ASP flooding. A heterogenous reservoir initially saturated with oil and water was modelled using Eclipse. The wells were completed with an inverse five-spot pattern and the production life of the reservoir was taken to be five years. The results showed that LSW flooding using a salt concentration of 1 000 ppm achieved a higher oil recovery than conventional (high salinity) water flooding with a salt concentration of 35 000 ppm. The oil recovery for conventional water flooding was 59.5% and that of low salinity flooding was 64.1%. The overall oil recovery for LSW combined with alkaline, surfactant and polymer flooding were 64.1%, 70.5% and 62.6%, respectively. The model indicated an increase in overall oil recovery of 91% when alkaline, surfactant and polymer were combined and injected as the same slug as opposed to the injection of the chemicals individually. This was attributed to the synergy of the chemicals. The alkaline and the surfactant reduce the interfacial tension between the oil and water and the polymer improves the mobility ratio thereby increasing sweep efficiency.
Abstract: Low Salinity Water (LSW) and Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) flooding are emerging enhanced oil recovery methods that help recover oil from the reservoir after primary and secondary recovery processes. Experimental studies on LSW and ASP flooding have indicated potential in additional oil recovery. In this paper, numerical simulation was performe...
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The Effect of Hydrogel on Plant Growth
Regina Ramilevna Yangirova,
Gazizov Asgat Mazhatovich,
Hafizov Ildar Fanilevich
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2021
Pages:
59-62
Received:
16 August 2021
Accepted:
31 August 2021
Published:
27 September 2021
Abstract: One of the problems of growing seedlings at home is that the garden land is infected with pathogenic organisms. A hydrogel is a water-absorbing polymer in the form of granules, which has a unique ability. It can absorb and retain up to 1 liter of water per 10 g of hydrogel when swollen. The most well-known are polyacrylamide-based hydrogels. When the hydrogel is in a dry state, the polymer chains are in a "folded" state, when water is added, they diverge and water penetrates inside. The granules swell with the formation of a hydrogel. Hydrogels are essentially made on the basis of environmentally friendly polymers. It is non-toxic, retains all its original properties at different (low and high) temperatures in the soil for five years. Therefore, the main goal of my work is to study the effect of hydrogel on plant growth. Tasks of this work: 1) To study the peculiarities of growing plants in hydrogel. 2) Determine the moment of plant life at which it is better to use hydrogel for them 3) Consider the possibility of growing indoor crops in hydrogel.
Abstract: One of the problems of growing seedlings at home is that the garden land is infected with pathogenic organisms. A hydrogel is a water-absorbing polymer in the form of granules, which has a unique ability. It can absorb and retain up to 1 liter of water per 10 g of hydrogel when swollen. The most well-known are polyacrylamide-based hydrogels. When t...
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